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Overview of Punjabi Grammar
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Word Classes
Before providing the classification of Punjabi parts of speech or word classes, it is worth mentioning that like other natural languages, Punjabi too has some homonyms. Homonyms are the words having the same spelling and pronunciation, but having different meanings, and usually different parts of speech. The classification of word classes common in Punjabi as per traditional grammars with a focus on the inflectional features is provided below. While describing these word classes, the grammatical categories for which the words of these word classes show inflection i.e. take different forms in sentences, will be highlighted. This classification is largely based on the formal grounds, and thus categorization based on the semantic types will not be included here.
Following are the key word classes in Punjabi: